Thursday, March 18, 2010

Antarctica

It draws its snow-white purity, but repels the lack of hospitality, it does not belong to anyone, because of her political disputes arise, it is - storage of drinking water, it is rich in coal, oil and gas ... She - Terra Australis Incognita!



And this is not Australia, whose name is read from the Latin "Australis". This is Terra Australis. This is Antarctica, unbearably cold, harsh ...



It is interesting to many people, but few people decided to meet with her alone. And the reason all terrible cold. That is, on this continent was the lowest temperature recorded on Earth - 89,2 ° C. And the average annual temperature is -55 ° C.



"Antarctica - a huge block of ice, where there is no life." Part of the definition of the Mysterious Earth. This is a mistake! I heard about this, was shocked. Area of Antarctica 14.4 million km ², of which 0.7 million km ² is not covered with ice!



When I listened to the Forum report on the Geographical Antarctica and looking photos, I could not believe her eyes. It was the usual rocky shores of the ocean without the snow. We can and have such a find! Only here do we find such a low temperature, like in Antarctica? It is terrible to imagine what it cold without snow ... After all, if there was no snow and wind in Antarctica, the temperature would not rise above -100 ° C. Then it would just not there life ... And because it exists.



On the Continent, found two species of higher plants:



Antarctic Deschampsia (Deschampsia antarctica).



Colobanthus Quito (Colobanthus quitensis)



Also, there are lichens and mosses.



Antarctic Sea are rich in life: various fish, killer whales, seals, penguins, petrels, albatrosses.

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Such a strong hubbub is over the coast of the mainland, though here the blessed comfort, which only can dream ...



And what else in Antarctica, the most-thing?

Antarctica is the highest continent on the planet! Average altitude of 2200 m (average height of other continents do not exceed 730 m). But more surprisingly, the average thickness of the ice - 2400 m and the maximum reaches up to 4335 m!



Antarctica - is the ice!

Antarctica - a terrible cold!

Antarctica - is a volcanoes!

Antarctica - is the river and the lake!



I'm not mistaken.

On the territory of Antarctica are the southernmost volcanoes on Earth. This Erebus and Terror.




The longest river in Antarctica - Onyx, Onyx 30 km flows through the oasis Wright on the ground of Victoria.

But only in summer. In winter the river freezes completely.



Amazing lake of the continent. Situated in the oases they Antarctica. Generally, all the lakes are covered with ice, but in summer you can find a small area without ice. Lake-specific, at the bottom of observed temperature increases, water is often salty.


Some of the major surface of lakes - a Lake Vanda and figure.

The deepest lake - Lake Radok (346 m).



There is a lake-like bowl of water. Very unusual! Meltwater snowfields accumulates in the hollows, and then, as if from overflowing the bowl, poured out on the slopes of the mountains down ... And so every year.



For Antarctica is characterized by brackish lake, that's why in the 90th years of last century discovery of our scientists, excited the whole world: "In the Antarctic subglacial lake is fresh water!"

The lake was named the East, as apparently in honor of the station (this is my guess). The length of the lake is 250 km long and 50 km. In the East is 5400 thousand km ³ of water!



After a dozen years, in 2006, American Geophysics found two more under-ice lakes.



Today in Antarctica discovered about 140 under-ice lakes. Now you think a supply of water contains Antarctica.



This pantry! Only she does not belong to anyone.

Under contract in 1959 Antarctica does not belong to any country in the world. Permitted only scientific activity.

In 1991, the UN announced Antarctica "heritage of mankind". Still, through N-th number of years of development of mineral resources in Antarctica will begin ...



P.S. Even 190 years ago, we did not know about Terra Australis Incognita. But Thaddeus Bellingshausen and Mikhail Lazarev changed it ...

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